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Formulating DAIRY RATIONS with dr. bill weiss

  • Secure your place in the most complete course on NASEM 2021.

WHAT WILL I LEARN?

Be one of the first to learn from the expert behind today's most important book on dairy cattle nutrition.

  • Why do we care about dCP?

  • CP from 3 sources of DDG

  • Stochastic formulation (SF)

  • Starch in corn silage

  • Partitioning of variation

  • Sampling of non-forage feeds on farms

  • Table values versus sampled values

  • Good sampling practices

  • Starch and NDF in different particle size fractions of processed corn silage

  • Suggested focus: Corn silage

  • Suggested focus: Alfalfa silage

  • Feed composition data: potential errors

  • Potential costs of “incorrect” feed data

  • Effect of abrupt addition of wet silage

  • Variable control treatments, fNDF %

  • Objectives of forage evaluation

  • Do not feed moldy hay (alfalfa)

  • Do not feed moldy silage

  • Essential evaluation data

  • Ash

  • Corn harvest for silage

  • Alfalfa or grass harvest for silage

  • Effect of DM on hay storage

  • Target NDF

  • dNDF: an almost essential tool

  • Effect of change in dNDF on DMI

  • Other factors besides dNDF are important

  • Particle size distribution (silage only)

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  • Diet variation in cows

  • Requirement vs Adequate Intake

    • Factorial system for requirements

    • Notes on values of ME and AI

    • Mineral availability via mass balance

    • Apparent absorption – Absorption coefficient (AC)

    • Apparent absorption vs Absorption coefficient (AC)

    • Measurement of metabolic fecal loss for most minerals

    • Determination of AC by endogenous fecal loss (Lucas)

    • Relative availability of Cu from tribasic copper chloride (TBCC)

    • Calcium (changes in maintenance, lactation, and AC)

    • Absorption coefficient (AC) of Ca – NRC

    • Calcium absorption requirement

    • Dietary requirements of Ca

    • Phosphorus

    • Magnesium: increase in absorbed requirement

    • Ca from magnesium

    • Magnesium: dietary requirements

    • Electrolytes: K, Na, Cl, and DCAD

    • Sodium

    • Potassium

    • Chloride

    • DCAD requirement [(Na + K) – (Cl + S)]

    • Heat stress and electrolytes

    • Trace minerals

    • Vitamins

    • Vitamin A

    • Vitamin D

    • Vitamin E

    The ELI System

     

    • Framework of NASEM 2021 energy supply

    • Summative equation for DE (NASEM 2021)

    • True digestibility

    • Variation in starch digestibility

    • Digestibility discount

    • Discount factor (NASEM 2021)

    • NEL of the diet – NASEM 2021 vs NRC 2001

    • Effect of changes in CP, RDP, or starch on DMI

    • Dietary DCAD affects fiber digestibility of DM

    • NEL – Maintenance requirement

    • NEL of milk, growth, and pregnancy

    • Requirement for grazing activity

  • Dietary Factors Affecting DMI

    • Forage NDF causes excessive rumen fill

    • Corn silage NDF has little effect on DMI

    • Increased digestibility of fNDF increases DMI

    • Smaller forage particles may reduce rumen fill

    • Inadequate RDP limits microbial growth and fiber digestion

    Carbohydrates – Dairy Cow Nutrition

     

    • NFC and NDF

    • Carbohydrate balance

    • Previous carbohydrate (CHO) recommendations

    • Carbohydrate balance

    • Starch recommendations

    • % of total NDF

    • Plant by-products

    • Soluble fiber and sugars

    • uNDF and iNDF

  • Rumen Degradable Protein (RDP)
    Rumen Undegradable Protein (RUP)
    Metabolizable Protein (MP)

     

    • RDP and fiber digestibility

    • Milk yield and milk protein

    • Response to protein supplementation

    • Protein diet formulation

    • Digestibility of RUP

    • RUP sources

    • Amino acid balance

    • NRC amino acid requirements

    • Amino acid sources

    • Amino acid-based formulation

    • Protein recommendations

  • Establishing Mineral “Requirements”

    • NRC 2001 factorial approach

    • Estimated true absorption coefficients for minerals

    • Potassium

    • Magnesium

    • Sulfur

    • Trace minerals

    • Potential differences between inorganic and specialty minerals

    • Copper

    • Effect of Cu and Mo on liver Cu in beef cattle

    • Selenium

    • Manganese

    Requirement vs Adequate Intake

    • Factorial system for requirements

    • Notes on values of ME and AC

    • Mineral availability via mass balance

    • Apparent absorption – Absorption coefficient (AC)

    • Apparent absorption vs Absorption coefficient (AC)

    • Measurement of metabolic fecal loss for most minerals

    • Determination of AC by endogenous fecal loss

    • Relative availability of Cu from tribasic copper chloride (TBCC)

    • Calcium (changes in maintenance, lactation, and AC)

    • Absorption coefficient (AC) of Ca – NRC

    • Calcium absorption requirement

    • Dietary requirements of Ca

    • Phosphorus

    • Magnesium: increase in absorbed requirement

    • Ca from magnesium

    • Magnesium: dietary requirements

    Electrolytes: K, Na, Cl, and DCAD

    • Sodium

    • Potassium

    • Chloride

    • DCAD requirement [(Na + K) – (Cl + S)]

    • Heat stress and electrolytes

    Trace Minerals and Vitamins

     

    • Trace minerals

    • Vitamins

    • Vitamin A

    • Vitamin D

    • Vitamin E

  • Main Objective of the Dry Cow Transition Program

     

    • Specific objectives of the dry cow nutrition program

    • Relationships among health problems

    • Subclinical vs Clinical

    • Hypocalcemia

    • Calcium flux

    • Negative diets (DCAD)

    • Retained fetal membranes (retained placenta)

    • Displaced abomasum (DA)

    • Nutrition and DA

    • Rapid increase in DMI postpartum

    • Prepartum monensin may reduce DA

    • Ketosis

    • Typical DMI during the dry and postpartum periods

    • NEL intake

    • Ketosis and additives

    • Transition groups

    • Prepartum effects on postpartum outcomes

    • Justification for the postpartum group

    • Nutrition of postpartum cows

    • Protein in the prepartum diet

    • Postpartum: potential costs

    • Forage fat and fiber (or starch) for postpartum cows

    • fNDF (starch) and fat for postpartum cows

    • Energy vs MP: onset of lactation

    • Effect of increased MP in postpartum cows

    • Effect of high protein in postpartum cows

    • Effect of MP and AA profile in the postpartum cow diet

    • Postpartum diet and milk components

    • Postpartum diet and transition effects

 

  • Objectives for Grouping Cows

     

    • Role of prepartum diets

    • Protein in the prepartum diet

    • Prepartum trace minerals (Cu, Mn, Se, Zn)

    • Prepartum: Vitamins A, D, E

    • Grouping by stage of lactation

    • Grouping by production level

    • Group-based formulation

  • Gross Feed Efficiency (GFE)

     

    • Application of GFE in dairy farms

    • Calculation of GFE on-farm

    • Effect of parity and stage of lactation on feed efficiency

  • Metabolic Disorders

     

    • Changes occurring in the rumen during transition

    • Equations for dry matter intake

    • Colostrum composition

    • Structure of the gestation requirement model

    • Effect of dry cow nutrition on milk production

    • Specific prepartum requirements when appropriate

  • NRC process

  • Selection of correct inputs in the software
    (Dry cows/heifers and lactating cows)

  • Intake relative to NASEM 2021

  • Cow factors affecting DMI

  • Cow factor equation to estimate DMI

  • Animal- and diet-based equation

  • Proper application of the NASEM DMI equation

User Inputs Affecting Energy Supply and Requirements

 

  • Interpretation of energy data

  • Fats and fatty acids

  • NASEM 2021 energy supply framework

  • Summative equation for DE

  • Variation in starch digestibility

  • Starch digestibility constants

  • Starch digestibility: potential user modifications

  • NDF digestibility

  • Fatty acid (FA) digestibility

  • Estimation of dietary ME values

  • Energy requirements

  • Interpretation of energy outputs

  • Fat (fatty acids)

  • Digestibility of FA supplements

  • Calculation using the difference method

  • Fatty acid supply

  • Carbohydrates

     

    • Optimal concentration of forage NDF in the diet

    • Undigested NDF (uNDF)

    • Limitations of peNDF

    • Physically adjusted NDF (paNDF)

    • NDF from alfalfa hay

    • Plant by-products

    • Diets with low forage content and high by-product inclusion

Calculation of RDP, RUP (and AA)

  • Derivation of net protein (AA) from RDP

  • Calculation of microbial CP

  • Microbial AA = microbial CP

  • RUP or metabolizable AA

  • Metabolizable protein (MP) or AA supply

  • MP supply vs 2001 (with the same DMI)

  • Protein (AA) requirement

  • Protein/amino acid/response requirement

  • Protein evaluation

  • Rumen degradable protein (RDP)

  • RDP and fiber digestibility

  • Use of NASEM 2021 to evaluate dietary protein

  • Which protein balance is correct (risk vs reward)?

  • Calculation of MP balance with safety factor

  • Use of AA and efficiency

  • Use of NASEM to evaluate a potential change in dietary protein

  • Is RP-Met (rumen-protected methionine) worth it?

  • Milk protein response

Macrominerals
Microminerals
Vitamins

 

  • Factorial system for requirements and adequate intake

  • Formulation for minerals and vitamins

  • DCAD minerals (K, Na, Cl, S)

  • Magnesium

  • Selenium

  • Zinc

  • Copper

  • Potential antagonistic relationships

  • Potential adjustments for Vitamin A

  • Vitamin D

  • Vitamin E when grazing (NASEM 2021)

Ration Evaluation: Emphasis on the NASEM System

  • Stages (usual order to follow)

  • Practical diet evaluation

  • Diet evaluation

  • Forage quality

  • Diet evolution

  • Automated Milking Systems

     

    • Concentrate (automated)

    • Pellet composition

    • Protocol

    • Fresh cows

    • Onset of lactation

    • Mid-lactation

    • Late lactation

Bonus classes with different experts!​

Mike Hutjens

How to formulate profitable diets in NASEM 2021 and comparing diets in NRC 2001 and NASEM 2021.

Barry Bradford

Management of inflammation in the transition period

Jesse Goff

Hypocalcemia can be reduced. Steps we know will work.

Who will teach me?

Bill Weiss

The Ohio State University.

Bill Weiss is Professor of Dairy Cow Nutrition in the Department of Animal Science at Ohio State University (USA). Vice-chair of the NRC committee – Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle in the United States and winner of the American Feed Industry Award, an award that recognizes the greatest authorities on the subject.

Weiss’s research program has altered the way dairy cows are fed in the United States and around the world. His research improved feed formulation by developing equations to estimate food energy.

It has also improved animal health by improving nutrient supplementation strategies.

Access to
International Community of Dairy Nutritionists

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+ Networking: Have access to a closed community with professionals to send your questions, promote debates on relevant subjects, stay up to date with market news, make contacts in the area, share experiences, help and be helped;
+ All this so that you can absorb all the knowledge and put it into practice in your own time.

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION

ZERO risk for you!

7-day Unconditional Guarantee for you to test the course.
Just send an email to [email protected] within 7 days asking for your money back, and I’ll return every penny without even asking why, ok?

FAQ

The course is already available. As soon as we confirm the payment, you will receive your log-in information by e-mail and you can start the classes immediately.

Yes. By accessing the Hotmart App, you will be able to download the classes and watch it offline.

Yes, with duration of 20 hours.

The course is divided into video classes that you can watch whenever you want and as many times as you want on your smartphone or computer. You will receive on your e-mail a log-in access information that allows you to attend the course through the entire signature period, which is 12 months and can be renewed.

Yes, it does. You will receive all the presentation of each class.